Pekingese Dog Breed: History, Care, Personality & Training

The Pekingese is a toy dog breed revered for its regal demeanor, luxurious coat, and lion-like appearance. With a history rooted in ancient Chinese royalty, this breed symbolizes elegance and devotion. Known for its charming personality and endearing independence, the Pekingese has captivated dog enthusiasts worldwide. Compact yet dignified, this breed thrives in loving homes that appreciate its unique traits.

Table of Contents

Pekingese Dog Breed Overview

Breed Group	Toy Group
Origin	China
Size	Small
Height	6–9 inches (at the shoulder)
Weight	Up to 14 pounds
Lifespan	12–14 years
Coat Type	Long, straight, and flowing; requires regular grooming
Coat Colors	Various colors, including gold, red, black, cream, and sable
Personality Traits	Loyal, independent, affectionate, regal, and sometimes stubborn
Exercise Needs	Low; short daily walks and playtime suffice
Grooming Needs	High; regular brushing to prevent matting and professional grooming recommended
Common Health Issues	Brachycephalic airway syndrome, eye problems, heart issues, and obesity
Training	Requires patience and consistency due to independent nature
Ideal Living Environment	Suitable for apartments or small homes; thrives in calm, indoor environments
Compatibility	Best for experienced owners, singles, or families without young children

History and Background

The Pekingese originates from ancient China, where it was a treasured companion of the imperial family. According to legend, the breed was created by the Buddha, shrinking a lion to lapdog size. These dogs were so valued that stealing one was punishable by death. The breed gained international fame after British forces brought them to England following the looting of the Yuanmingyuan (Old Summer Palace) during the Second Opium War in 1860. From palace halls to modern homes, the Pekingese has maintained its status as a cherished companion.

Physical Characteristics

The Pekingese is a small, sturdy dog with a distinctive, lion-like mane and a pear-shaped body. It typically weighs 7-14 pounds and stands 6-9 inches tall at the shoulder. Its double coat comes in various colors, including gold, red, black, white, and brindle. The breed’s flat face, large dark eyes, and heart-shaped nose contribute to its unmistakable charm. Despite its small size, the Pekingese carries itself with an air of dignity.

Personality and Temperament

Pekingese dogs are known for their loyalty and independence. They form strong bonds with their families but may be reserved with strangers. Their affectionate yet stubborn nature makes them endearing but sometimes challenging to train. Pekingese dogs are well-suited to quieter households where they can enjoy their role as a companion without excessive noise or activity.

Health and Care

The Pekingese is a brachycephalic breed, meaning its flat face can lead to breathing issues, especially in hot or humid weather. Owners should avoid overexertion and ensure the dog has access to a cool environment. Regular grooming is essential due to the breed’s thick double coat, which requires brushing several times a week to prevent matting. Common health concerns include:

Respiratory issues due to its flat face.
Joint problems such as patellar luxation.
Eye conditions like corneal ulcers. A balanced diet and regular veterinary check-ups are crucial for maintaining the breed’s overall health.

Training and Activity

Although Pekingese dogs are not highly energetic, they benefit from daily walks and playtime to stay fit. Training can be a challenge due to their stubborn streak, but positive reinforcement and patience yield the best results. Socialization is vital to ensure they interact well with other pets and people. Activities like AKC Rally, Fast CAT, and Agility can be enjoyable for this breed if introduced gently.

Who It’s Best For

The Pekingese is ideal for individuals or families seeking a loyal and low-maintenance companion. They thrive in quieter households and are well-suited to apartment living. Experienced dog owners who understand the breed’s specific care needs, including grooming and managing health concerns, are often the best fit.

Author
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Ashley Darby

Dr. Ashley has worked in mixed and small animal emergency clinics and general practice ever since 2017 after studying Sydney University. She grew up in South Africa and England before moving to Australia, and her passion for animals came from many childhood safaris in the Kruger National Park.